1) To revise the major functions of main organelles focusing on new/modern aspects of cell biology related to the structure and function of these organelles.
2) To understand and describe major "retrograde communications" dealing with organelle connection to cell signaling cascades.
3) To overview the molecular connections between organelles and link with main pathologies caused by organelle dysfunction.
To have access to pointed knowledge relating to the subcellular structures
To replace this knowledge on the organelles in a physiopathological context
To understand the articles of research related to biogenesis, the degradation and the crosstalk of the organelles as well as the techniques allowing their study.
The course places the emphasis on the molecular communication and exchanges between the cellular structures and makes become aware that many pathological states result from deteriorations in the relations maintained between the organelles…
Organelles like ER, the mitochondria, the lysosomes, the nucleoles are analyzed.
On the basis of concept of cellular and molecular biology acquired in the first cycle, this module aims at presenting the recent and most up to date discoveries relating to the structures and the functions of the organelles while being focused mainly on ER, the lysosomes, the mitochondria, the peroxisomes, the lipidi droplets and the nucleolus in the cells in eucaryotes. Aspects of molecular communication inter-organelle/crosstalks(ER-Mito, ER-Lyso, ER-phagosome,…) in abnormal context and in response to a dysfunction of the subcellular structures are approached.The most recent techniques used in research relating to these organelles are also pointed out or presented. Without entering the description of too many pathologies associated with or caused by the faulty functioning or activity with these subcellular structures, the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the phenotypes in the event of dysfunction of these structures is developed.
The evaluation contains the writing of 2 documents :
1) One report on a case of organelle dysfunction/or biogenesis. Preferentially of an organelle not covered in the course.
2) One mini-project dealing with a scientific question related to organelle dysfunction and/or biogenesis.
HOT LINES OF YOUR EVALUATION
1) TO WRITE A SMALL RESEARCH PROJECT (MAXIMUM 2 PAGES) CONTAINING
a. AN INTERESTING BIOLOGICAL QUESTION IN THE FIELD OF THE BIOGENESIS AND/OR THE DYSFUNCTION OF ONE OF THE ORGANELLE IDEALLY NOT SEEN WITHINTHE FRAMEWORK OF THE COURSE
b. A SMALL PROPOSAL FOR EXPERIMENTS TO ADDRESS THE QUESTION YOU ANALYZED
c. TO MENTION AND DESCRIBE THE PRINCIPLE OF (OR OF) TECHNICALS WHICH YOU WILL USE.
2) TO WRITE A REPORT (MAXIMUM 10PAGES), TO MAKE A SMALL SYNTHESIS OF A PARTICULAR ASPECT OF THE DYSFUNCTION AND/OR BIOGENESIS OF ORGANELLE (WITH THE CHOICE) AND PUT IT WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND PHYSIOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF SELECTED SUBCELLULAR STRUCTURES
Recent articles and reviews on the various topics as well as slides from the lecturers.