Learning outcomes

- To know and understand the morphological structure of the human body, from the microscopic to the macroscopic scale, and the mechanisms that lead to its formation;
 
- Know and understand the normal functioning of the human body, from the molecular to the macroscopic scale;
 
- be able to explain medical knowledge and information clearly and comprehensibly, adapting to the audience.

Goals

Histology is one of the morphological disciplines of the (bio)medical sciences. The aim of the Histology II course is to describe the histology of each organ of the body and to correlate its tissue structure with the functions of the organ.
 
 
 
With regard to the theoretical part, the student is expected to :
 
know the tissue and cell structure of each organ in a normal context
make the link between organ structure and function
replace the histology course in all biomedical disciplines and be able to create links with anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.
acquire the scientific vocabulary used in morphological sciences.
 
As far as the practical part is concerned, the student is expected to be able to identify an organ by microscopic observation alone, within a reasonable time. In order to achieve this goal, the student must gradually become familiar with the method of differential diagnosis and must be able to justify his or her diagnostic reasoning using morphological criteria.

Content

The various chapters deal with the major systems (see Table of Contents), describing the micro-anatomy of each organ and the relationship between cell/tissue structure and organ function. Potential interactions between systems will also be described, along with elements of genetics, physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology which may explain certain regulations or dysregulations.

Table of contents

Blood and haematopoiesis - Cardiovascular system - Respiratory system - Immune organs - Digestive system - Osteoarticular system - Endocrine system - Urinary system - Male genital system - Female genital system - Gestation & Lactation

Exercices

The practical work illustrates in a didactic and interactive way the organs covered during the theoretical course. The microscope and a collection of histological slides are the main tools for acquiring histological skills. The computer support www.histology.be offers a library of digitised microscopic images, enabling students to complete their study remotely. The chronology of the sessions follows the order of the theoretical lessons, with a slight time lag necessary to assimilate the material.

 
Participation in the practical sessions is not compulsory, but is strongly recommended. As a reminder, the overall assessment of this course includes an examination on the practical part, the grade of which influences the overall grade (see Assessment method).

Teaching methods

The teaching unit (TU) comprises two learning activities (LA): (1) a theoretical part, (2) a practical part (PT).
 
The theoretical part is a lecture illustrated by a PowerPoint slide show. The presentation slides are uploaded onto the WebCampus platform before the course. The course content is explained using annotated diagrams, illustrated simultaneously with histological or schematic images, also available on WebCampus.
 
The practical sessions begin with an oral introduction with PowerPoint support. Students then work independently in front of their microscope. These learning activities can be supplemented by assignments, using the virtual microscopy platforms www.histology.be and www.cytomine.be.
 
Permission to capture images and/or sound during the course must be obtained from the lecturer.

Assessment method

Assessment method :
 
The assessment will take the form of an oral examination in front of examiners and microscope, preceded by preparation time. The assessment will include a theoretical part and a practical part (TPs).
 
The exact arrangements for the assessment are subject to change when the examination timetable is drawn up, depending on the practical constraints with which the faculty administration may be confronted, or in the event of illness/force majeure/employment with a work placement, preventing the student from sitting the examination on the date initially scheduled.
 
Calculation of the mark :
 
The result of the theory exam gives the numerical value (X/20) which is used as the basis for calculating the final mark. This calculation depends on the result obtained in a practical examination. A successful practical result (10 or more/20) that is at least 3 points higher than the mark obtained in theory (i.e. X+3/20) increases the latter by 1 point (final mark = X+1/20). A successful practical result (10 or more/20) at least 6 points higher than the mark obtained in theory (i.e. X+6/20) increases the latter by 2 points (final mark = X+2/20). However, a failing TP result of 9/20 will penalise the final mark by 1 point (X-1/20), 8/20 will penalise it by 2 points (X-2/20), 7/20 will penalise it by 3 points (X-3/20), 6/20 will penalise it by 4 points (X-4/20) and so on.
 
Special cases and exemptions/deferrals:
 
In the event that a student is unable to sit the examination for a justified reason (force majeure, medical certificate), the student must contact the Registrar and the Registrar's Office, who will reschedule the examination for a later date, within the time limits set out in the R.E.E. and subject to the agreement of the Dean or Vice-Dean.
 
A student who has not validated the credits of the Teaching Unit but who has obtained a mark equivalent to or higher than 10/20 in one or other Learning Activity is automatically granted a partial deferral (REPA) for the Learning Activity concerned within the same academic year. However, the student may waive the benefit of the REPA in order to try to improve his/her result by attending the Learning Activity. By taking this responsibility, if the outcome is less favourable, the student cannot claim the right to his/her initial mark.
 

Sources, references and any support material

Histology: First cycle of medical studies, Lullmann-Rauch, De Boeck Supérieur

 
Histology and Cell Biology, Kierszenbaum, De Boeck
 
Human Histology. Stevens & Lowe, De Boeck
 
Immunology, Roitt & Brostoff & Male, De Boeck
 
Fundamentals of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Abbas & Lichtman, Campus Reference
 
 

Language of instruction

French
Training Study programme Block Credits Mandatory
Bachelor in Medicine Standard 0 5
Bachelor in Biomedical Sciences Standard 0 5
Bachelor in Medicine Standard 1 5
Bachelor in Biomedical Sciences Standard 2 5