Droit études

The Bachelor of Law program at UNamur offers you a comprehensive basic legal education, aimed at making you excellent general lawyers.

Your training in law during the bachelor's course covers the rules organizing the State and its action ("public law"): constitutional law, sources and principles of law, European Union law, administrative law, criminal law, public liberties, judicial law, social law... as well as the norms governing relations between individuals ("private law"): law of obligations, property law, family law, economic law, intellectual rights, history of private law... These lessons are complemented by a legal methodology course that introduces you to documentary sources in print and online (legislation, case law, doctrine), research and personal writing assignments.

Parallel to the legal courses, other courses develop your open-mindedness and general culture (economics, sociology, history of Belgian institutions, psychology...). They enable you to better understand the genesis and scope of rules, as well as to think critically about the law.

Some sources of law are only available in English or Dutch. Knowledge of these languages is therefore essential for any Belgian lawyer, and teaching them is a compulsory part of your training. However, you will benefit from specific pedagogical support (diagnostic test at the beginning of the year and, if necessary, guidance towards a refresher module).

Following the legal language courses, you will be introduced to the legal vocabulary of these two languages (courses in "Dutch legal terminology" and "comparative law and English legal terminology"). These courses enable you to read and understand a contract, a judgment or a legal study in these languages...

Finally, you complete your program with courses of your choice in legal and/or non-legal subjects depending on your personal project. You can group these courses around an option (criminology, vulnerabilities and societies, public law and political science, economics and management, law and digital, philosophy, modern languages, sustainable development) which also includes an interdisciplinary course and the end-of-cycle assignment. Some of these options facilitate subsequent access to certain masters degrees other than law.

At the end of the cycle, you have the option of taking a four-quarter course at Hasselt University as part of the Erasmus Belgica program. You can also follow the trilingual program.

Electives and options

From the second annual block onwards, the Faculty of Law offers you the opportunity to acquire specific training in a legal field or law-related discipline:

  • Criminology: if you are interested in the study of crime, the criminal and punishment (juvenile delinquency, sexual offences, reactions to insecurity, figures of the individual and contemporary individualism...). This option will facilitate your transition to the master's degree in criminology.
  • Public Law and Political Science: if you are attracted to the study of society, political ideas, the organization of powers, the State, its institutions and how they function. By adding one or two courses of your choice to your program and meeting certain conditions, you can, under the benefit of an attestation of complementary training, gain direct access to UCLouvain's Masters in Political Science or Public Administration.
  • Economics and Management: if you choose this option and additional courses of the order of 15 credits, you will be able to access, under the benefit of an attestation of complementary training in economics or complementary training in management, to the master in economics or to the master in management sciences of UNamur, organized in daytime classes and at staggered timetable.
  • Law and Digital: if you wish to enrich your training with a complementary and multidisciplinary approach around digital and its issues in terms of fundamental rights (privacy, image, freedom of expression...), criminal law (cyberharassment, cybercrime...)..., private law (contracts, evidence, property, user protection...) and regulation (artificial intelligence, shared economy...).
  • Vulnerabilities and societies: if you're interested in issues of a more social or societal nature, or if you'd like to think more about how society, particularly through the legal tool, supports (or not) individuals facing a situation of vulnerability or experiencing multiple vulnerabilities.
  • Modern languages: to strengthen your language skills, you can select advanced law-related courses in Dutch and English. An introduction to Belgian German legal terminology is also offered (course taught in French).
  • Philosophy: if you wonder about the ultimate why of things and wish to dialogue with other areas of culture to understand reality (to which the rule of law applies).
  • Sustainable development and transition: if you're interested in exploring the legal aspects of the transition to sustainable development (in its environmental, social and economic dimensions) and want to better understand how the transition to sustainable development is guiding and transforming the law of today and tomorrow.

You're off to a good start

  • you enjoy expressing yourself in writing or orally, reading and understanding text;
  • you are curious about the world in which you live;
  • you have an analytical and critical mind;
  • you are inventive and able to imagine new solutions and argue in favor of them.

Law bachelor training will help you further develop these qualities.

Teaching methods

The courses offer a comprehensive approach. They combine theoretical knowledge with a practical perspective on the law, using participatory methods and involving legal practitioners. In fact, many teachers are lawyers, judges, researchers...... and enrich their teaching with their experience.

In addition, you have the opportunity to develop your practical skills through exercises, assignments, mock trials, an eloquence tournament, an internship and the "Namur Legal Lab".

aides à la réussite-droit

Organized in groups of around twenty students and supervised by an assistant, the exercise sessions enable you to delve deeper into part of the subject matter and put into practice the notions seen in class (documents to read and exercises to prepare in advance). During these sessions, you solve practical cases adapted to your level of study and similar to those faced by lawyers, judges, in-house counsel, notaries... You also develop the art of discussion and expression, in public, of rigorous thought.

By writing papers on a legal topic, you learn to find the sources of the law (in codes, library books, properly targeted internet sources...), understand and exploit them by developing a well-founded, argued and convincing legal reasoning. In the second annual block, you will complete a project designed to put into practice what you have learned in the legal methodology course. Individual and small-group support (between 8 and 15 students) is provided by an assistant who supervises and corrects each stage of this work.

Assisted by an assistant, you then complete an end-of-cycle assignment that confronts you with both a substantive question and a practical case (including meeting a practitioner). In this assignment, you will apply all the theoretical and practical skills you have acquired. On the occasion of the end-of-cycle work, some supervised students provide, within the framework of the "Namur Legal Lab", initial legal advice to other students who encounter problems concerning the rental of their accommodation.

You take part in mock trials in constitutional law or international humanitarian law. In addition, a tournament of eloquence is organized each year within the Faculty. Numerous visits to institutions, linked to your path as future jurists, are offered in Namur (Walloon Parliament, Palais de Justice, prison establishment) and elsewhere (Parliament, Court of Justice of the European Union, Constitutional Court, Council of State).

At the end of the cycle, the Faculty organizes a legal practice internship. This internship, which is treated as an elective course in its own right, enables you to discover legal practice through activities essentially involving observation and participation in certain parts of the professional activities carried out by your internship supervisor (lawyers, magistrates, notaries, bailiffs, company lawyers, lawyers in the associative sector...), under his or her guidance and with his or her advice.

For all these activities, attentive, tailor-made supervision is organized.

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Droit études

Video clips

Video vignettes produced by teachers give you a better understanding of legal concepts and know-how.

Success aids

Succeeding in a year of study at university involves many challenges.

To help you meet them, UNamur supports you in developing your disciplinary, methodological and human skills... with the support of numerous professionals.

Preparatory courses, individualized help...

After the baccalauréat: the master's degree

The bachelor's degree in law gives automatic access to the master's degree in law (two years) in the Wallonia-Brussels Federation and the Flemish Community.

UNamur and UHasselt have drawn up the trilingual program which guarantees automatic access to the UHasselt master's degree. Specific agreements have also been signed with KULeuven and UAntwerpen to facilitate access to their masters programs.Continuing your law studies at another university offers the advantage of getting to know two different sites, two different cultures and two different academic ways of thinking during your studies, which is an undeniable asset.

The bachelor's degree in law also gives access to the master's degree in criminology with program adaptation.

Furthermore, the Faculty organizes two complementary courses whose attestations give you access to master's degrees in management sciences at daytime and to shifted time (at UNamur), in economics at daylight saving time and at staggered schedule (at UNamur and UCLouvain), in political science or public administration (at UCLouvain).

A double bachelor's degree in law and philosophy to be completed over four years will give you access to the two corresponding master's degrees.

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Legal professions

A constantly changing profession

Legal professions are evolving. It's no longer just a matter of intervening in litigation to defend a party or settle a dispute. Lawyers are also the advisors who prevent conflict by scrutinizing the applicable legislation or finalizing a contractual approach. Increasingly, they are called upon to intervene in non-judicial dispute resolution procedures, such as mediation.

Another notable development is internationalization. More and more cases have a foreign element, or are subject to supranational law such as European Union law. Finally, the development of information technologies is changing the day-to-day work of lawyers, while opening up new fields of specialization within the law.

The omnipresence of law in social and economic life explains the diversity of career opportunities open to lawyers.

The professions of the lawyer

Lawyers are versatile professionals. The functions described here represent the core of the legal profession, but the list of outlets is far from exhaustive.

The judiciary

Magistrates are appointed for life by the King. There are two categories among them, the public prosecutor and the judges.

  • The Public Prosecutor's Office

    Public prosecutors (known as "auditeurs" in first-degree labor courts) and their substitutes, grouped together in the Public Prosecutor's Office (also known as "the standing magistracy" or "the public prosecutor's office"), are in charge of public order. These magistrates prosecute offenders, coordinate police investigations, summon defendants to court and ensure that sentences are carried out. They intervene in economic and financial matters, environmental issues, computer crime, youth protection, social legislation offences... and of course in common law cases (traffic, vice, theft, assault...).

    The public prosecutor may also be called upon to advise the court on the appropriate resolution of the dispute, in family matters, labor or social security law or in certain commercial cases.

  • Judges

    Judges (also known as the "magistrature assise" or "the bench") are responsible for adjudicating disputes between individuals (in civil or social law matters) and judging those prosecuted for offenses (in criminal matters). Judges are appointed to various courts and tribunals, including justices of the peace, police courts, courts of first instance, labor courts, commercial courts, courts of appeal, labor courts and the Court of Cassation. Increasingly, judges are also playing a conciliatory role. Outside their hearings, judges study their cases, carry out the appropriate research and draft their judgments. Most judges are specialized. For example, police court judges mainly settle disputes relating to traffic offences and compensation for the consequences of road accidents; labor courts have jurisdiction over disputes between employers and workers, or in matters of safety and social welfare; justices of the peace hear rental disputes, relations between neighbors, and the protection of the mentally ill, among other matters; the family court has jurisdiction to settle family disputes and ensure the protection of children.

    To become a magistrate, the main routes are, on the one hand, the competitive examination for admission to the judicial internship (followed by a 24-month internship) for those presenting at least two years' experience in a legal profession, and on the other hand the professional aptitude examination (allowing immediate appointment) for those demonstrating at least five years' experience in a legal profession to become a member of the public prosecutor's office and at least ten years to become a judge.

  • Notaries

    The mission of notaries is to avoid conflicts between people wishing to reach agreements in the fields of real estate (purchase/sale of property, loans...), family (marriage contracts, gifts, inheritance...) and business (incorporation of companies, mergers...). They listen, advise and give opinions. They draw up authentic deeds that record agreements in writing, in a form that is legally unassailable. To embark on a career as a notary, you need, among other things, to pass a master's degree specializing in notarial practice and complete a three-year internship with an appointed notary.

  • Lawyers

    Lawyers are self-employed individuals charged with advising clients facing legal problems in their private or professional lives, in strict compliance with legislation and ethical rules. Lawyers can assist their clients from the conception and launch of a project (drafting opinions and contracts) through to the various stages of dispute resolution (negotiation, mediation, legal proceedings). Their tasks are varied: researching legislation, case law and doctrine, drafting numerous written documents (letters, submissions), organizing conciliation meetings, taking part in expert appraisals, pleadings... The lawyer's profession sometimes presents faces that are less familiar to the general public. For example, it is often lawyers who act as bankruptcy trustees, liquidators of a vacant estate, debt mediators, or administrators of the assets of vulnerable persons...

    Lawyers newly admitted to the Bar must complete a three-year internship with an experienced lawyer before they can join the roll of the Ordre and practice the profession on their own. Many lawyers, however, choose to create or join associations, which in particular enables them to offer more specialized and diversified services.

  • Bailiffs

    Bailiffs are public officers who intervene at various stages of legal proceedings. They communicate procedural documents to litigants (summonses, judgments, etc.). They are also responsible for enforcing court decisions, possibly by seizure. They draw up statements of facts (adultery, certain products on offer, unauthorized use of a brand name on a website, etc.). Their image is unfairly negative. In reality, they can play a conciliatory role, guaranteeing equal treatment of those subject to the law, while respecting everyone's rights. Law graduates can become bailiffs after two years' training and passing a competitive examination. After five years, they can then apply for a
    vacant position as a "titular" bailiff.

Lawyers in public and private organizations

  • Company lawyers

    Companies in general (industry, banking, insurance, telecommunications...) employ many lawyers in their various departments (human resources management, litigation, regulations...). Only members of the Institut des juristes d'entreprise can hold the corresponding title. These specialists are consulted on a daily basis by their employers on all legal issues (commercial, tax, environmental, social, etc.). For example, they advise on drafting and negotiating contracts. They also intervene in the event of litigation, although they do not represent the company in court, as they are not lawyers. Finally, they guarantee the legality of the various decision-making procedures within the company (they prepare boards of directors, for example).

  • Officials

    In public services at federal, regional, community, provincial or municipal level (federal public services - SPF, CPAS, ONEM, Forem...), lawyers prepare opinions for managers on matters specific to their administration, focusing on the legal aspects. They play an active role in the preparation of legislative and regulatory texts.

  • Lawyers in organizations

    Depending on their specialties, lawyers are also invaluable advisors in the non-commercial world and in associations (mutual societies, trade unions, consumer associations...), as well as in international organizations (European Commission, UN, International Court of Justice...).

The police

Frequent outlets for lawyers include the police, both in operational (investigations) and administrative settings.

Research and teaching

Some law graduates pursue a research activity in Belgium or abroad. Universities and public funds (e.g. FNRS) finance the completion of a doctorate (usually four years). Alongside other forms of fundamental legal research, "applied" research is generally based on partnerships with companies or public institutions that wish to develop new products or services and have questions about the legal framework. For example, what legal constraints need to be taken into account when setting up an internet sales service, what rules apply to the use of artificial intelligence by the judicial system?

Finally, some lawyers teach in high schools, in higher education or in the world of continuing education.